International Relations IR Part 1 & 2 by Hassan Ali Gondal (NOA Publication)

Best For Competitive Exams (CSS,PMS,PCS & All Descriptive Exams)

PREFACE

In the name of Allah the Most Merciful anut the Beneficent who gave us the strength and courage to compile this book

Understanding twenty-first century world politics requires accurate and up-to-date Information, intellectual analysis, and interpretation. In a globe undergoing constant and rapid change, it is imperative to accurately describe, explain, and predict the key events and issues unfolding in international affairs. These intellectual tasks must be performed well so that world citizens and policy makers can harness this knowledge and ground their decisions on the most pragmatic approaches to global problems available. Only informed interpretations of world conditions and trend trajectories and cogent explanations of why they exist and how they are unfolding can provide the tools necessary for understanding the world and making it better. By presenting the leading ideas and the latest information available, this book provides the tools necessary for understanding world affairs in our present period of history, for anticipating probable developments, and for thinking critically about the potential long-term impact of those developments on countries and individuals across the globe

Being instructor of International Relations at NOA, I was constantly feeling that all aspirants of CSS opting International Relations as an optional subject were facing a dilemma of non-availability of such single book which cover all contents in a consistent manner, FPSC recommended books, although too good, art either not covering the syllabus or they become difficult to fallow because most of the students have no background of the subject. Approach being followed in those books is either too advanced or not consistent with the instructions provided in the class. On the other hand, books by local publishers are not up-to-the-mark and in most of the cases, compiled from some non-standard references. This effort is made in order to make the subject easy and provide a one-book solution to all aspirants consistent with the requirements of the exam and instructive contents of the class.

I am thankful to all those who, directly or indirectly, contributed by sharing their valuable ideas and suggestions regarding book preparation. My special thanks are extended to my parents, teachers, colleagues and family. I am also thankful to those who appropriated this effort and encouraged a lot during this exercise. Lastly, I am thankful to Dr. Muhammad Atif (CEO, National Officers Academy) for his non-relinquishing patronage of my team. Without his commitment towards the cause, it was not possible to move even a single step.

I wish and prey that this book enlightens the students with the best knowledge gathered at one place. Fruitful suggestions to improve the contents will be highly appreciated.

HA Gondal

Author,

Editor-in-Chief,

NOA Publications

CONTENTS

International Relations – Paper – A

Syllabus ~ Paper – A

Paper- I ~ Section-I ~ ‘Introduction to International Relations’

Definition, Scope and Basic Concepts of IR

Nation-State System

International Society and Its Evolution

Paper- I ~ Section-II ~ ‘Theories and Approaches’

Approaches and Theories in IR

Realism Theory in IR

Idealist Perspective and Liberalism Theory

Neo-Neo Debate in IR

Classical Neo Approaches in Single Frame

The Scientific Revolution

Constructivism in IR

Postmodernism in IR

Critical Theory

Feminism in IR

Great Debates in IR Theory

Decision Making on Selection of ‘Theory’

Paper- I ~ Section-III ~ ‘International Political Security’

Understanding International Political Security

Conceptualization of Security in 21^st Century

National Power and its Elements

Balance of Power

Conceptual Dimensions of Foreign Policy

Sovereignty

National Interest

Paper- I ~ Section-IV ~ ‘Strategic Approach to International Relation’

‘War’ – Types, Causes, Tools and Tactics

Strategic Culture and Its Determinants

Deterrence: Theory and Practice

Paper- I ~ Section-V ~ ‘International Political Economy’

Introducing International Political Economy (IPE)

Theories of IPE

Syllabus ~ Paper-A

1. Introduction

· The Definition and Scope of International Relations.

· The Nation-State System

· Evolution of International Society

II. Theories and Approaches

· The Classical Approaches-Realism and Idealism

· The Scientific Revolution Behavioral Approach, System Approach,

· Neo-realism, Neo-liberalism.

· Post-modernism. Critical Theory, Feminism, Constructivism

III. International Political Security

· Conceptualization of security in the Twenty-First century

· Power. Elements of National Power

· Balance of Power

· Foreign Policy: Determinants, Decision Making and Analysis

· Sovereignty

· National Interest

IV. Strategic Approach to International Relation

· War Causation of War, Total War, Limited War, Asymmetric Warfare, Civil War, Guerilla Warfare

· Strategies Culture: Determinants of Pakistani Strategic Culture.

· Deterrence: Theory and practice with special reference to India and Pakistan

V. International Political Economy

· Theories in IPE: Mercantilism, Economic Liberalism, and Neo-Marxism

· Theories of Imperialism, Dependence and Interdependence discourse

VI. International political community

· Nationalism

· Internationalism

· Globalization

VII. Approaches to Peace

· Diplomacy

· International Law

· Arms Control /Disarmament and Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime

VIII. International Political Institution

· United Nations

· International Monetary Fund (IMF)

· World Hark

· International Court of Justice